穿心莲中7种微量元素的形态分析

采用传统煎煮法对穿心莲中的铁、锰、铜、锌、铝、硼和锶7种微量元素进行提取,用0.45 μm微孔滤膜分离提取液中的可溶态与悬浮态;用LSA-10大孔吸附树脂分离可溶态中的有机态与无机态;并用正辛醇-水分配体系在模拟人体胃肠酸度的条件下,将可溶态中各待测元素分离为醇溶态和水溶态;采用电感耦合等离子原子发射光谱法(ICP-A...     

3,4‐Dihydroxy‐L‐phenylalanine for Preparation of Gold Nanoparticles and as Electron Transfer Promoter in H2O2 Biosensor

3,4‐Dihydroxy‐L ‐phenylalanine (dopa) and 2‐(3,4‐dihydroxyphenyl)ethylamine (dopamine) were investigated as reducing agent and stabilizer for synthesis of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) by one‐pot heating of a solution of HAuCl₄/dopa or dopamine. AuNPs with different sizes were obtained by controlling the mass ratios of HAuCl₄/dopa or dopamine. The formation mechanism for AuNPs was also proposed. Immobilization of horseradish peroxidase (HRP) and promotion of its electron transfer by polydopa film were investigated for preparation of H₂O₂ biosensor. Alkaline dopa solution was dropped onto a gold electrode for the formation of polydopa film. HRP was immobilized on the polydopa film through interactions between heme centre of HRP and the amine and carboxyl groups in polydopa. The AuNPs embedded in the polydopa film improved the electron transfer efficiency. These two factors allowed successful development of a H₂O₂ sensor with HRP@polydopa‐AuNPs electrode. Due to its biocompatibility, the polydopa‐AuNPs film provided good retention of enzyme activity and long‐term stability of the sensor. A rapid catalytic response (3 s) and a linear range from 0.006 to 5.0 mmol L^?1 were obtained for H₂O₂. This facile preparation strategy can be extended to other enzyme‐based biosensors.     

新型2-(2-氨基噻唑-4-基)-2-(Z)-甲氧亚胺基乙酸酯类衍生物的合成及其抑菌活性

以乙酰乙酸甲(乙)酯,醛和酰氯为主要原料,合成了8个2-(2-氨基噻唑-4-基)-2-(Z)-甲氧亚胺基乙酸酯类衍生物(其中6个未见文献报道),其结构经1H NMR,IR和MS表征.初步抑菌活性测试结果表明,在给药量为200 mg·L-1时,化合物对小麦赤霉病菌和马铃薯干腐病菌有较好的抑菌活性.     

Tetra-β-(2-(diethylamino)ethoxy) nickel phthalocyanine: synthesis and inclusion in MCM-41

In order to include phthalocyanine macromolecule in MCM-41 molecular sieve, a inclusion-suitable phthalocyanine derivative tetra-β-(2-(diethylamino)ethoxy) nickel phthalocyanine was synthesized, in two steps, from 4-nitrophthalonitrile and 2-(diethylamino)ethanol, and characterized by mass spectra, ¹H nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, ultraviolet visible spectroscopy, infrared spectroscopy and elemental analysis, which confirmed the proposed molecular structure. The inclusion of synthesized phthalocyanine compound in MCM-41 was carried out by the in situ synthesis method using cetyltrimethyl ammonium bromide as structure template and tetraethyl orthosilicate as silica source in presence of this phthalocyanine compound. The inclusion material was studied by means of X-ray diffraction, field emission scanning electron microscopy, high-resolution transmission electron microscopy, nitrogen adsorption isotherm measurements, etc. Results showed that the macromolecular compound was successfully included into MCM-41, the obtained inclusion material displayed mainly prisms and globes, and the material was a kind of mesoporous materials with regularly hexagonal honeycomb array of uniform cylindrical pores and high surface area.     

Crystal structure and DNA binding studies of a cobalt(Ⅱ) complex containing mixed-ligands of 1,10-phenathroline and glycollic acid

A cobalt（11） complex containing mixed-ligands of 1,10-phenathroline（phen） and glycollic acid（GA）.|Co（GA）₂（phen）| was synthesized and its structure was characterized by X-ray diffraction.The interaction of the complex with DNA was investigated by electronic absorption spectra and electrochemical methods.Electronic absorption spectrum experiments showed that after interaction with DNA.the characteristic absorption peaks of |Co（GA）₂（phen）| underwent hypochromic effect as well as redshift. Also,the binding strength of 3.8×10⁴L/mol was estimated by titration method.Electrochemical assays revealed that the redox peak currents of the complex decreased obviously accompanied by a positive shift of the formal potential after association with DNA.All these results revealed that the synthesized cobalt complex bound with DNA via an intercalation mode.     

若丹明类荧光探针的合成与应用研究进展

本文综述了近年来若丹明类荧光染料的研究状况.首先,介绍了若丹明衍生物的结构特征,然后以其修饰位置为线索,详细地介绍了该类化合物的合成,总结了其修饰策略及结构与功能之间的联系,强调了它们在环境分析和生物标记领域的应用.以供读者了解若丹明荧光探针的合成及其在蛋白质、DNA等生物标记领域和金属离子检测领域的应用时参考.     

葡萄糖水溶液氢键结构和动力分析

利用分子动力学模拟方法研究了不同浓度下葡萄糖水溶液的氢键结构和氢键生存周期. 分析了参与i个氢键(分子内、分子间、所有类型)的葡萄糖分子和水分子的百分比分布. 研究发现存在一个特征数N, 参与N个氢键的分子的比例最高, 当iN时, 参与i个氢键的分子的比例随着浓度的增加而减小. 还分析了不同类型氢键(葡萄糖分子内、葡萄糖分子间、水分子间、葡萄糖分子与水分子间、所有类型)的连续和截断自相关函数, 并计算了对应的氢键生存周期.     

Water-Insensitive Synthesis of Poly-β-Peptides with Defined Architecture

Biocompatible and proteolysis-resistant poly-β-peptides have broad applications and are dominantly synthesized via the harsh and water-sensitive ring-opening polymerization of β-lactams in a glovebox or using a Schlenk line, catalyzed by the strong base LiN(SiMe₃)₂. We have developed a controllable and water-insensitive ring-opening polymerization of β-amino acid N-thiocarboxyanhydrides (β-NTAs) that can be operated in open vessels to prepare poly-β-peptides in high yields, with diverse functional groups, variable chain length, narrow dispersity and defined architecture. These merits imply wide applications of β-NTA polymerization and resulting poly-β-peptides, which is validated by the finding of a HDP-mimicking poly-β-peptide with potent antimicrobial activities. The living β-NTA polymerization enables the controllable synthesis of random, block copolymers and easy tuning of both terminal groups of polypeptides, which facilitated the unravelling of the antibacterial mechanism using the fluorophore-labelled poly-β-peptide.     

A Hydrogen-Deficient Nickel–Cobalt Double Hydroxide for Photocatalytic Overall Water Splitting

Developing highly efficient and low-cost photocatalysts for overall water splitting has long been a pursuit for converting solar power into clean hydrogen energy. Herein, we demonstrate that a nonstoichiometric nickel–cobalt double hydroxide can achieve overall water splitting by itself upon solar light irradiation, avoiding the consumption of noble-metal co-catalysts. We employed an intensive laser to ablate a NiCo alloy target immersed in alkaline solution, and produced so-called L-NiCo nanosheets with a nonstoichiometric composition and O²⁻/Co³⁺ ions exposed on the surface. The nonstoichiometric composition broadens the band gap, while O²⁻ and Co³⁺ ions boost hydrogen and oxygen evolution, respectively. As such, the photocatalyst achieves a H₂ evolution rate of 1.7 μmol h⁻¹ under AM 1.5G sunlight irradiation and an apparent quantum yield (AQE) of 1.38 % at 380 nm.     

Cross-Module Enoylreduction in the Azalomycin F Polyketide Synthase

The colinearity of canonical modular polyketide synthases, which creates a direct link between multienzyme structure and the chemical structure of the biosynthetic end-product, has become a cornerstone of knowledge-based genome mining. Herein, we report genetic and enzymatic evidence for the remarkable role of an enoylreductase in the polyketide synthase for azalomycin F biosynthesis. This internal enoylreductase domain, previously identified as acting only in the second of two chain extension cycles on an initial iterative module, is shown to also catalyze enoylreduction in trans within the next module. The mechanism for this rare deviation from colinearity appears to involve direct cross-modular interaction of the reductase with the longer acyl chain, rather than back transfer of the substrate into the iterative module, suggesting an additional and surprising plasticity in natural PKS assembly-line catalysis.